ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the genotypes of host killing genes and their single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Methods Three hundred and twenty strains of Escherichia coli that collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College were analyzed. The first sample ( E1 ) contains 160 strains isolated during the years from 2002 to 2003. The second sample (E2) contains 160 strains covering the years from 2008 to 2009. The plasmids of Escherichia coli were extracted by alkaline lysis method. Solexa/Illumina sequencing technology was used to sequence plasmids metagenome. Solexa Genome Analysis System and Soap programs were used to analyze gene distribution, SNPs and lineage-specific mutations. Results 11 077 768 reads were generated and 0. 045% of them can map to the reference sequences from El sample. Whereas 9 377 792 reads were generated and 0. 053% of which mapped to the reference from E2 sample. There are nine host killing genes identified in the two samples, of which hok gene is the most prevalent. A total of 29 SNP sites dispersed in five genes of the two samples. Approximately 33% of them were non-synonymous mutations. One position of A and G is the most prevalent polymorphism. Conclusion The known nine genotypes of host killing genes were all identified in plasmids of Escherichia coli in Wenzhou. hok gene showed the highest frequency. There were SNPs in five genotypes.
ABSTRACT
Objective To research clinical significance of electrocardiogram(ECG) measuring in diagnosis of hyperkalemia. Methods ECG changes and serum potassium concentration from 72 cases have been analyzed and contrasted. Results Forty-one cases with hyperkalemia are detected by ECG changes. Coincidence rate is up to 56.9% with serum potassium test. When the serum potassium concentration exceeds 5.5mmol/L, the accuracy of ECG in diagnosis of hyperkalemia was 22.2%. The main features arc peaked T wave with tabernacle shape ;when the serum potassium concentration exceeds 6.7mmol/L, the accuracy of ECG in diagnosis of hyperkalemia was 74.3%. The main features are ST debased,P wave with low amplitude and time limit increased. Some patients appeared sinus node-ventride conduction. One or two appeared malignant ventricular arrbythmia; when the serum potassium concentration exceeds 10.0mmol/L,the accuracy of ECG was 100% ,most patients appeared malignant ventricular. Conclusion The electrocardiogram measurement has the better consistency with serum potassium test, and abnormal electrocardio-gram will be eccurred,when mixed other electrolyte unbalance. Pseudo-hyperkalemia can be distinguished accurately and conveniently by using this method.